chillingwokth



(No Model.)

1?. CHILLINGWORTH & P. G. RUSSELL.

. COMPOUND WIRE.

No. 309.439. Patented Dec. 16, 1884.

N. PETERS. Fmlc-Lilhogrmhen Washington. 0. c

Usiirsn FELIX CHILLING\VORTi I, OF NEYV HAY 31h,

CONN, AND PHILIP G. RUSSELL,

\VM. 'FAUIJ AND THOMAS J. IVOOD,

BOTH OF AYSONIiM COXIT.

CGMPOUND NIE IE.

SPECIFICATIQI; forming part of Letters Patent No, 309,439, dated December 16, 1884.

Application filed February 28, 1881.

T0 aZZ whom it may cancer/2 Be it known that we, FELIX. CniLLixd WORTH, of New Haven, in the county oi New Haven, State of Connecticut, and Purine G. RUSSELL, oi" Vashington, District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compound \Vircs, and we i do hereby declare that the following is a lull, clear, and exact description thereof, rel'ercnce being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows a perspective view oi a compound wire made according to our invention; Fig. 2, a transverse section of the wire, showing the shape of the core; Figs. 5 4, 5, 6, 7, S, 9, 10, andll similar views, showing modilied i'orms of cores; Fig. 12, a core provided with for interlocking velope, and Fig. with the grooves a spiral direction.

The object oi our invention is to provide a compound wire in which the enveio ie and core shall be so locked or fastened together that they cannot separate; and to this end it consists in the wire, as hereinafter described, and more specifieallypointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, A designates the wire, which consists of the envelope I3 and core O. The envelope is preferably formed of copper another form of means portions of the core and en- 13 a similar view or a core or corrugations running in or some alley or metal which is a good con ductor ofelectrieity. \Ve prefer to make the core of steel. or iron, though we do not limit ourselves to such material. Oi whatever metal or alloy the core is made itis intendedtobe of greater tensile strength, so as to form astiitening and strengthening backbone for the wire.

In the compound wires as heretofore made there has been no means provided forinechanically fastening the envelope to the core so as to prevent any chance of the separation oi the two. The surface of the core has been pro vided with no notches or corrugations, but has been made smooth. There would then be no interlocking of portions of the outer surface of the core and the inner surface of the envelope. It is very necessary to prevent the separation of the envelope from the core, which is apt'to take place when a coma ners )ective view of (Xe modrl.)

pound wire is bent. here such eparation occurs the envelope cracks and breaks during the bending, and the core and inside of the envelope are exposed to the rapidly deteriorating influences of the atmosphere and the moisture contained therein.

In order to insure the positive adherence of the envelope to the core and the no.n-separation oi the two, we form said core with a nunr ber of grooves, I) I). These grooves, which can be of any form in cross section, may be made straight and longitudinal, as shown in Fig. l, or spiral, as shown in Fig. 12. The

. e'rooves or corru ations are formed in an I dei it I l 1 l I sired way in the bar, which constitutes the core of the compound bar from whichthe wire is drawn. We prei'er to make the grooves or spaces between the ribs dovetailed in cross section, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. \Vhenthe wire is l'ormcd i'rom a compound bar having a grooved core, it is found that the shape of the grooves is substantially retained, and appears in the core of the resultant wire. Ve contemplate making the cores and the grooves therein of various shapes. In Fig. 3 is shown a core in which the faces of the grooves are curved. In Fig. {I each groove is shown as having straight sides parallel with the same radius. In Fig. 5 the core is shown as simply tinted. In the construction illustrated in Fig. 6 the grooves extend into the body of the core on lines oblique to radii. In Fig. 7 a still further modification is shown in which alternate grooves extend into the core in directions oppositely oblirp ie to the radii. A series of rounded ribs, 1:] If], can be formed on the core, as indicated in Fig. b. Instead of making the core cylindrical in general outline, it can be made of any angular shape, with grooves or corrugations of various forms in section. e find the best results are obtained where grooves or spaces between the ribs are overlmng by the edges of the ribs. If desired, the core can be formed with rasp-like projections, as shown in Fig. 12. As indicated hereinbefore, the grooves or ribs, of whatever shape made, can be extended around the core spirally instead of in straight longitudinal lines. (See Fi g. 13.)

In manufacturing our compound wire we first make an iron or steel core with ribs, proiections, or grooves,

as described and shown hereinbe'fere. Such grooves, ribs, or projw tions are formed either during or alter the core is made. An envelope of copper or alloy is then cost around the core, in a mold provided with means for holding the core axially within it and means for insuring the intlow of the molten metal, in such a. manner as to prevent bending; or buckling ot' the core by nnequal heating of the same. liortious oi the metal forming the ei velope ilow into the grooves in or between. the ribs on the core or under the proj eetions thereon. compound bar will then consist of an envelope and core having their contacting surthces in tcrloelred or fastened together by the portions ot the surf; ee oi one extendino into that ol" the other.

As indicated lit-.ieinhot'ore, we pret'er tho dovetailed form of groo or one having an overhanging edge or edges, as such grooves will obviously hold the portions of the envelope projecting and fitting; in them most .iirinly. As the bar is rolled and drawn down in male ing the wire, the inwnrdlyproieeting ribs or portions of the envelope will he bitten tween the walls oi the ves, E e that it will be impossible for the envelope to se nnrnte ironr the core without the breaking; or tearing oil of such ribs. During the rolling and drawing;

ope ntion, which can be the ordinary one. or one in which the bar and eore n 'e c; used to number oi times.

change shape it the copper of the envelope not only brought into most intimate contact and union with t core, but is forced into the grooves or hetween the rihs ot' the letter.

We do not limit ourselves to any niet rod of rolling or drawing, or of putting the envelope on the core in forming the compound be.

If desired, the envelope can be niadein the it rni of e tube, and forced over the core while the latter or both tube and core are e, ted. The objection to a e niponntlhar "in-ad has heretofore been that it was not possi ble to llldlIO a perfect union or contact between the [the resultant i suri'nces of core and envelope, and the two were very sure to separate, and the envelope to break when the wire was bent. 'When a grooved core like ours is used, portions of the tulnilar envelope will be forced into and be bitten in the grooves drawing.

The best results in making a wire which will stand bending, and with which a telegraphjoint can be made, without any i, separating. cracking, or breaking the cnveL t ope, however, obtained where the latter is 0 .Si} on the core. l iaving thus i'ully for h the nature of our i t invention, what we claim as new isl t .w, are,

'i. irsan article oiinaiuii'aeture, a compound wire having a steel or iron core formed so as l to Zllltl hold projecting; portions of the surrounding; enveltnw, substantially ns shown A ere oi'nialnui'actu re, a compound 1 wire et'insia .no' if a core and envelope providcd with interlocking portions, substantially as deserih.

risen ertiele OilllitlltlftltjillE'Q, n compound 1 consisting; of o. orooved core and an envelope having ribs ea stantiall as and for teringg; the grooves, subthe purpose described.

its an article of] ianui'aeture, a compound i. ire con ot'a core provided with grooves having everhnngine edges, and an envelope haing ribs fitting in the grooves, substantially :is and or the purpose described.

t i title oi' inanui'actnre, aconipouud c "King of a core i'orincd vith dovegrooves, and en envelope having rits or in portions iittingr into these grooves.

ly no shown and described.

ies iinony that we claim the foregoing we set our hnnds, this 223d day of icren nt.

during theprocess of possibility of 

